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Type 8. Leader

Tip! Click on the books on the left to read different author's descriptions for this type.

The description here was salvaged from Dave's Enneagram Site, when it was about to be deleted in 5/98. Check his new site for updates.
Naranjo
E-Type Structures
Palmer
-E-gram
E  in Love & Work
Pocket E-gram
Riso and Hudson
Understanding E-gram
Discovering Your Type
E-gram Transform.
Baron & Wagele
E-gram Made Easy
Are You My Type?
Keyes
Emotions and E-gram
Hurley & Dobson
What’s My Type?
Callahan
E-gram for Youth
Excerpts from Enneagram Books
   Keyes - Emotions and the Enneagram
 

Point Eight: The Program of Self-defined Justice with Arrogance

Special Gift: Care for the Underdog
Self-Definition: "I can do. I'm powerful."
Shadow Issue: Lust -- use of others as objects
Rejected Element: Weakness
Addiction: Arrogant justice
Strength Needed: Trust
Defense Mechanism: Denial
Psychological Disturbance: Sociopath
Talk Style: Imperatives
Preoccupations Include: Aggression and impulse control.
Puritan/hedonist dichotomy.
Control of personal objects, space and people likely to influence the EIGHT'S life.
Excessive (to others) self-presentation -- too much, too loud.
Tendency to see things in extremes, people either strong or weak, fair or unfair, with no middle ground; an automatic denial of other points of view in favor of single "legitimate" opinion that supports the EIGHT'S security.
Concern with justice and the protection of others.
Focus: Personal emphasis on satisfactory survival.
Couple emphasis on possession/surrender.
Community emphasis on friendship.
Life Task: Realization of truth and justice in each moment's flow of reality. Accepting one's personal weakness offers the possibility of integration.

Margaret Frings Keyes

Emotions and the Enneagram
Working Through Your Shadow Life Script
Molysdatur Publications, Muir Beach, California,1992, 164 pages